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ABOUT THE TOEFL IBT® TEST
Get the Advantage You Need to Succeed
The TOEFL iBT® test helps you stand out confidently in English, and it comes with a clear advantage — universities know you are ready to succeed.
That’s why it’s accepted by more than 11,000 universities and other institutions in over 150 countries, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United States, the U.K., and across Europe and Asia.
Conveniently offered weekly at authorized test centers near you, the computer-delivered TOEFL iBT test is the only test that measures all 4 academic English skills — reading, listening, speaking, and writing — the way they are actually used in a classroom. So your TOEFL® scores provide a true reflection of your abilities and show admissions officers you have what it takes to be great. See the full list of countries where the TOEFL iBT test is available.
Find out more about the test that can help you get where you want to go.
TOEFL iBT® Test Content
The TOEFL iBT® test has 4 sections: Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing. During the test, you’ll perform tasks that combine these 4 English communication skills, such as:
- read, listen and then speak in response to a question
- listen and then speak in response to a question
- read, listen and then write in response to a question
The total test takes about 3 hours to complete, but you should plan for 3½ hours, allowing 30 minutes for check in.
AT A GLANCE
Section | Time Limit | Questions | Tasks |
Reading | 54–72 minutes | 30–40 questions | Read passages and respond to questions |
Listening | 41–57 minutes | 28–39 questions | Answer questions about brief lectures or classroom discussions |
Break | 10 minutes | — | — |
Speaking | 17 minutes | 4 tasks | Talk about a familiar topic and discuss material you read and listened to |
Writing | 50 minutes | 2 tasks | Read a passage, listen to a recording, type your response |
A CLOSER LOOK
Let’s take a closer look at each section of the test.
WHAT IS IN THE READING SECTION?
The TOEFL iBT® Reading section is designed to assess how well you can read and understand the kind of materials used in an academic environment. It includes 3 or 4 reading passages, each approximately 700 words long, with 10 questions per passage. You have 54 to 72 minutes to answer all the questions in the section.
Reading passages are excerpts from university-level textbooks that would be used in introductions to a discipline or topic. The passages cover a variety of different subjects. Don’t worry if you’re not familiar with the topic of a passage. All the information you need to answer the questions will be included in the passage. There is a glossary feature available to define words not commonly used, if you need it.
Extra Questions
The test you take may include extra questions in the Reading or Listening sections that don’t count toward your score. These questions help ETS to:
- make test scores comparable across administrations
- determine how such questions function under actual testing conditions
TOEFL iBT® Listening Section
WHAT IS IN THE LISTENING SECTION?
The TOEFL iBT® Listening section is designed to measure your ability to understand conversations and lectures in English. It includes listening for:
- basic comprehension
- pragmatic understanding (speaker’s attitude and degree of certainty) and connecting and synthesizing information
There are 2 types of listening items in the Speaking section — lectures and conversations. Both use campus-based language.
- 3–4 lectures, each 3–5 minutes long, with 6 questions per lecture
- 2–3 conversations with 2 speakers, each 3 minutes long, with 5 questions per conversation
You can take notes on any audio item throughout the test to help you answer questions. You have 41 to 57 minutes to complete the section.
Extra Questions
The test you take may include extra questions in the Reading or Listening sections that don’t count toward your score. These questions help ETS to:
- make test scores comparable across administrations
- determine how such questions function under actual testing conditions
Accents
The Listening section includes native-speaker English accents from North America, the U.K., New Zealand or Australia to better reflect the variety of accents you might encounter while studying abroad. For example, listen to this talk about the greenhouse effect (MP3). The lecturer is from the U.K.
TOEFL iBT® Speaking Section
WHAT IS IN THE SPEAKING SECTION?
The TOEFL iBT® Speaking section is designed to measure your ability to speak English effectively in academic settings. It is composed of 4 tasks that resemble real-life situations you might encounter both in and outside of a classroom.
- Question 1 is called an “independent speaking task” because it requires you to draw entirely on your own ideas, opinions and experiences when you respond.
- Questions 2–4 are called “integrated speaking tasks” because they require you to combine your English-language skills — listening and speaking, or listening, reading and speaking — just as you would in or out of a classroom.
You’ll get 15–30 seconds of preparation time before each response, and your response will be 45 or 60 seconds long.
To respond, you’ll speak into the microphone on your headset. Your responses are recorded and sent to ETS, where they will be scored by a combination of AI scoring and certified human raters to ensure fairness and quality. See the Speaking Scoring Guides (Rubrics) (PDF) for more information about how your responses are scored.
You have 17 minutes to complete the Speaking section.
Practice Your Speaking Skills
The TOEFL® Practice Online Speaking Series, an official test prep tool from ETS, is exclusively dedicated to helping you practice your English-speaking skills. Includes previously administered test questions, simulates the actual testing experience and provides feedback within 24 hours.
Accents
The Speaking section includes native-speaker English accents from North America, the U.K., New Zealand or Australia to better reflect the variety of accents you might encounter while studying abroad. Only the first of the 4 items may have accented speech.
Below are 2 examples, both of which use accents from the U.K. In each instance, the example is 15 seconds long, and you would have 45 seconds to respond.
Audio File | Transcript |
Item 1 (MP3) | If friends from another country were going to spend time in your country, what city or place would you suggest they visit? Using details and examples, explain why. |
Item 2 (MP3) | Some people enjoy taking risks and trying new things. Others are not adventurous; they are cautious and prefer to avoid danger. Which behavior do you think is better? Explain why. |
TOEFL iBT® Writing Section
WHAT IS IN THE WRITING SECTION?
The TOEFL iBT® Writing section is designed to measure your ability to write in English in an academic setting, and you’re expected to be able to present your ideas in a clear, well-organized manner.
There are 2 writing tasks.
- Integrated writing task (20 minutes) — read a short passage and listen to a short lecture, then write in response to what you read and listened to.
- Independent writing task (30 minutes) — write an essay based on personal experience or opinion in response to a writing topic.
You’ll type your responses on a computer keyboard. Responses are sent to ETS, where they are scored by a combination of AI scoring and certified human raters to ensure fairness and quality.
You’ll have 50 minutes to complete the Writing section.
Practice Your Writing Skills
Get The Official Guide to the TOEFL® Test for a list of sample writing topics. You can purchase the Guide through your ETS account, either online or via the TOEFL official app.
Do You Need to Be an Expert?
The writing tasks are designed to measure your English proficiency, so you don’t need deep knowledge of specialized topics to get a high score. Raters recognize that each essay is a first draft, and you can receive a high score with an essay that contains some errors. See the Writing Scoring Guides (Rubrics) (PDF) for more information about how the essays are scored.